南渚山房 南亚东南亚造像艺术专栏：准提观音

准提观音

南亚东南亚造像艺术专栏

南渚山房 刘冬

东南亚古代造像独立研究者

《南渚志》纪录片制片人

《Southeast asia buddhist art sumatra&java suculptre 2022》

东南亚佛像苏门答腊与爪哇雕塑，作者

黄岩博物馆《造像万千》

台州博物馆《金木荟萃》策展人

资深服饰配饰设计师

德国红点设计奖获得者

Seated statue of Avalokitesvara

East Java

12-13th century

Material: Alloy copper

Size: 13cm high

准提观音菩萨

东爪哇（公元12-13世纪）

材质：合金铜

尺寸：高 13厘米

唐永徽元年（650），中印度沙门地婆诃罗在中国译出《七俱胝佛母心准提陀罗尼法》一卷，准提观音菩萨信仰在中国开始传播，准提菩萨汉译有准胝观音、准提佛母、七俱胝佛母等名。“准提”意为清净，是观世音菩萨清净心的具现。准提菩萨为大菩萨；

准提菩萨有四臂、六臂、八臂、十八臂、三十二臂、八十四臂等造型，其中十八臂最为常见，；准提菩萨手持：左第二手施无畏、第三手把剑、第四手把数珠、第五手把微若布罗迦果、第六手把钺斧、第七手把钩、第八手把跋折罗、第九手把宝鬘。右第二手把如意实幢、第三手把莲花、第四手把澡灌、第五手把索、第六手把轮、第七手把螺、第八手把贤瓶、第九手把般若波罗蜜经夹；

此尊出自东爪哇地区的准提观音菩萨，依然延续了笈多时期菩萨的表现风格，无论是高发髻，发冠，海上璎珞，披帛，都能很明显的看到笈多的风格，同时腿部的光素的表现并没有体现典型的纹样，而是鹿野苑萨尔纳特的方式表现；呈大王游戏坐姿于仰覆莲台之上，莲台扁平，衬托出菩萨体量的巨大；这也是爪哇造像在表现力方面的特点；莲台下三层台阶式的底座，置有两个宝坛，显示出爪哇准提观音菩萨的财富属性；这是在其他区域不多见的，常见于财续佛母；

此尊造像在南渚山房 《Southeast asia buddhist art sumatra&java suculptre 2022》东南亚佛像苏门答腊与爪哇雕塑著录，P182

2023年黄岩博物馆《造像万千》展览

In the first year of Tang Yonghui (650), Bhahara, a monk from China and India, translated the volume of "The Dharma of Qiguti Buddha's Mother's Heart Chunti Dharani" in China, and the belief of Chunti Avalokitesvara began to spread in China. There are Zhunzhi Guanyin, Zhunti Buddha's mother, Qijudi Buddha's mother and so on. "Zhunti" means pure, and it is the manifestation of the pure heart of Guanshiyin Bodhisattva. Zhunti Bodhisattva is a great Bodhisattva;

Zhunti Bodhisattva has four arms, six arms, eight arms, eighteen arms, thirty-two arms, eighty-four arms, etc., among which eighteen arms are the most common; Zhunti Bodhisattva holds: the second left hand Shi Wuwei, the first The three hands hold the sword, the fourth hand holds the number beads, the fifth hand holds the fruit of Virabraka, the sixth hand holds the ax and axe, the seventh hand holds the hook, the eighth hand holds the Bazhela, and the ninth holds the jeweled garland. The second right hand holds the Ruyi real building, the third hand holds the lotus flower, the fourth hand holds the bath pot, the fifth hand holds the rope, the sixth hand holds the wheel, the seventh hand holds the snail, the eighth hand holds the virtuous vase, and the ninth hand Clip the Prajna Paramita Sutra;

This statue comes from the Zhunti Guanyin Bodhisattva in the East Java region, and it still continues the expression style of the Bodhisattva in the Gupta period. Whether it is a high bun, hair crown, sea necklace, or silk, you can clearly see the style of Gupta. At the same time, the legs The performance of Guangsu does not reflect the typical pattern, but the expression of Sarnath in Sarnath; it is sitting on the lotus platform in the king's game sitting position, and the lotus platform is flat, which sets off the huge size of the Bodhisattva; this is also a Javanese statue. Features in terms of expressiveness; the three-story stepped base under the lotus platform is equipped with two altars, showing the wealth attribute of Java Chunti Guanyin Bodhisattva; this

东南亚古代造像艺术

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